It was reported here earlier last year (when border was initially reopened) on-the-spot testing was performed at land border. I believe that stopped. I crossed by land and air several since reopening. First two times were given test kits and didn't get picked two months ago. If on-the-spot testing still exist, I think it would be at the airport (easier to hold up large numbers of air passengers vs. running out of parking spot for cars at PoE).
1 shot J&J is considered fully vaccinated - Look under Accepted vaccines.
You can submit ArriveCan as you pull up to the PoE but I recommend you do so earlier as filling in ArriveCAN while operating a vehicle is not recommended.
That is asking for a fine (after a one-time waiver) if you are Canadian (but will be admitted into the country). However as a foreigner, expect to be denied entry and U-turned to US PoE no exceptions as you have not substantiated you meet the fully vaccinated entry requirement (see same link above concerning Accepted vaccines).
Sample collection can be virtually monitored or you go to a physical lab in Canada within 24 hours. Identification will be required for both options.
The virtually monitored option will buy you more time. The sample has to be picked up by Purolator (eg think of them as FedEx) and delivered to the lab next day for processing.
Worst case:
Arrive Monday
Test Tuesday - Purolator pickup same day
Purolator delivers Wednesday morning - Lab provide results same day. Montreal is under an hour drive to Champlain.
You still have a good 48 hours in Montreal which can be extended as illustrated in the timeline in my prior post by deciding to arrive in Canada in the late afternoon/early evening so that by the time you take the test 24 hours later, you will miss that day's Purolator cutoff time..
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