FYI on Lyme disease in Quebec:
Recognize the symptoms and know how to protect yourself from Lyme disease, an infection that is transmitted through the bite of an infected tick.
www.quebec.ca
Since 2011, there has been a significant increase in the number of Lyme disease cases reported to the public health authorities in Québec as well as an increase in the proportion of cases that acquired their infection in the province. This proportion has increased from around 50% in 2013 to close to 90% in 2022.
The number of cases of Lyme disease reported in Québec since 2014 is as follows:
- 125 cases in 2014
- 160 cases in 2015
- 177 cases in 2016
- 329 cases in 2017
- 304 cases in 2018
- 500 cases in 2019
- 274 cases in 2020
- 709 cases in 2021
- 586 cases in 2022
The fact that Québec winters are less cold than they used to be partly explains the increases before 2020. The warmer climate enables the ticks to survive and grow more easily. In fact, ticks are active at 4 °C and reach their optimum level of activity at about 25 °C.
If the disease is not detected and treated quickly, the bacteria can spread in the blood and cause other symptoms, which develop in the weeks and months after the bite. These symptoms may, for example, include:
- The appearance of several expanding rashes, with little or no pain or itching
- Facial paralysis, numbness in a limb, neck pain, severe headaches
- Swelling in one or more joints (for example, the knee); it is usually painless
- Chest pain, palpitations or dizziness