Train,
Here is the text of the 5th Amendment to the United States Constitution:
"No person shall be held to answer for a capital, or otherwise infamous crime, unless on a presentment or indictment of a Grand Jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the Militia, when in actual service in time of War or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without just compensation."
Basically, the so called "double jeopardy" clause, "nor shall any person be subject for the same offence to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb", precludes a second prosecution on the same offense.
I am not a criminal attorney, but if this same constitutional prohibition existed in Canada, I would certainly argue that if she could have been charged with this crime and wasn't 13 years ago, it might violate both the statute of limitations and any double jeopardy doctrine that exists under the Canadian system. In this regard note that statutes of limitations and double jeopardy both have, at least to some extent, the same underlying policy rationale which is to prevent the assertion of stale claims against a defendant who is not as well equipped to defend against them as he/she would have been had the action/prosecution been timely brought. This is because of the passage of time and resulting loss of evidence, and the dimming of memories and recollections. In the case of double jeopardy, there is the added policy of requiring the State to bring all of its claims in one prosecution, and the double jeopardy rule has been applied when the State has not done this. It should also be noted that in some jurisdictions, such as here in Connecticut, there are some crimes on which there is no statute of limitations.